Vocab from: http://metals.about.com/library/bldef-Grain-Size-Measurement.htm, and from: http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=ore

ore (a mineral that contains metal that is valuable enough to be mined)

element (any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 92 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter)

malleable(capable of being shaped or bent or drawn out) "ductile copper"; "malleable metals such as gold"; "they soaked the leather to made it pliable"; "pliant molten glass"; "made of highly tensile steel alloy"

ductile, (see malleable)

atom ((physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element)

crystal (a solid formed by the solidification of a chemical and having a highly regular atomic structure)

Metallic bonding is the electromagnetic interaction between delocalized electrons, called conduction electrons and gathered in an "electron sea"

electron sea, group of electrons in metal

conductor (a substance that readily attracts e.g. electricity and heat)

hardness (the property of being rigid and resistant to pressure; not easily scratched; measured on Mohs scale) or the ability of metal to resist being permanently deformed

Mohs Scale, characterizes the scratch resistance of various minerals through the ability of a harder material to scratch a softer material

toughness, the ability of metal to absorb a sudden shock

brittle, ((of metal or glass) not annealed and consequently easily cracked or fractured)

alloy, (a mixture containing two or more metallic elements or metallic and nonmetallic elements usually fused together or dissolving into each other when molten) "brass is an alloy of zinc and copper"

dislocation a defect or fault i the crystaline structure of metal

work hardening the effect caused by gradual increase in dislocations due to deforming or bending of the metal, which results in the eventual loss of ductility and increased resistance to motion

anneal, (bring to a desired consistency, texture, or hardness by a process of gradually heating and cooling) "temper glass"

smelt (extract (metals) by heating)

coke, the solid carbonaceous material derived from destructive distillation of low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal. Cokes from coal are grey, hard, and porous

rolling mill, steel mill where metal is rolled into sheets and bars

puddling is a means of making iron and steel by stirring molten iron in a reverberatory furnace with iron rods, which were consumed in the process

Fatigue failure, the fracturing of metal due to excessive fatigue or pressure which cause microscopic fractures or breaks in the metal which eventually fan out and expand to form a crack large enough to disable the peice of metal or break it entirely

work hardening, the increasing brittleness and hardness due to strain beyond a metal's yield point, or plastic deformation

plastic deformation, deformation is a change in the shape or size of an object due to an applied force

Grains are the groups of regularly structured metallic atoms in a piece of metal

metals are defined as atoms being shiny and being good conductors